Door operating mechanism



1934- -H. G. AINSWORTH 1,941,454

I DOOR OPERATING MECHANISM Filed Dec. 30, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 v4 27 yaI I l Jan. 2, 1934- mswo 1,941,454

DOOR OPERATING MECHANISM 1934- H6. AINSWORTH DOOR OPERATING MECHANISM 4Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 30

Jan. 2, 1934. H. G. AINSWORTH 1,941,454

DOOR OPERATING MECHANISM Filed Dec. 30, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 [72 veniorPatented Jan. 2, .1934

Harry G. Ainsworth, Aurora, 1]]. Application December- 30, 1929 SerialN0. 417,381

23 Claims.

Within the invention are certain elements and combinations of partswhich may be advantageously embodied in other types of door-operatingmechanisms. w

One of the important objects of the invention is to provide improvedoverload relief means for the purpose of preventing injury to the door,its

operating mechanism, or the electric motor, in the same direction is apossible condition arising in event that the normaloperation of the doorshould be interfered with or obstructed, or if some other abnormalcondition should arise. vFor example, in the case of a garage door, thepresent overload relief means will prevent the possibility of injury ifthe operating mechanism should be inadvertently energized with anautomobile blocking either movement of the door, or if because,

of any other condition the door should be incapable of normal movementwith the electric motor energized. Thepresent overload relief mechanismis entirely automatic in;its'operation,it can be adjusted for differentoperating-conditions, and does not need to be reset after performing itsrelief function. l x

Another important object of the invention is to provide manuallyoperatedrelease means 'de signed for the purpose of quickly and easilypermitting manual operation of the door independently of the operationof the electric motor.' For example, in the event of failure of thecurrent supply, possibly in the case of a fire, this manually operatedrelease means permits the door instantly to be disconnected from theelectric motor so that the door can be moved immediately.

The automatic switch apparatus controlling the circuit of the electricmotor is preferably gover'ned by cam means, and another object of theinvention is to provide a construction of dooroperating mechanism inwhich the automatic actuation of the above mentioned overload reliefmeans will not disturb the proper timed reconstituting this switchactuating cam means.

thereof to an abnormal position.

A further{ object is to provide an the door can only beeffected with thedoor in properly timed relation to' said cam means. Another object is toprovide an improved motion transmitting relation between the aforesaidcam means and the automatic switch means W which governs the stoppingand reversing of the electric motor. p I

Afurtherobject is to provide an improved mounting and adjustablerelation of the two cams A. furtherobject is to provide improved. meansfor preventing the accidental condition arising of the motor continuingto operate in the same direction after the door has reached the prede- Kterminedlimit of its movement and after the automatic reversing'switchhas been thrown.

Such continued running of the motor in the alternating currentinstallations, brought about by. reversed actuation of the manualstarting switch before the door has completed one cycle of-movement, andin the absence of means for preventingsuch, condition it may causeinjury to the door operating'mechanism or movement 0 improvedcombination and arrangement of speed reduction mechanismbetween theelectric motor and the crank arm which swings the door.- referably thismechanism includes a belt drive which serves as an additional overloadrelief means, and the arrangement is such that the weight of the elec-'tric motor is, utilized in constantly maintaining this belt at theproper driving tension.

I Other objects and advantages of the invention 99 will be apparent fromthe following description of one preferred embodiment thereof. In theaccompanying drawings, illustrating such embodiment:

' mechanism on a larger scale;

Figure 4 is a front elevational view of the same, a portion of thehousing being broken away to illustrate the worm drive; I

Figure 5 isa transverse sectional view through one of the feet of themotor, taken approximately on the plane of the line 5-5of Figure 4,

and. illustrating the sliding support of the motor on the baseplate;

Figure 6 is a vertical axial sectional view through the main-operatingparts of the mechanism;

Figure 7 is a transverse sectional view taken approximately on the planeof the line 7-7 of V Figure 6 and looking downwardly;

Figure 11 is a detail view showing the adjustment afforded between theswinging end of the crank arm and the link connected to'the .door frame.

Referring first to Figures 1 and 2, I have illustrated the presentmechanism arranged for operating a door 14 which is suitably hinged at15 to the side jamb 16 of a'door-way 17. All of the main operatingparts, including the electric motor, the reduction gearing, overloadslippage clutch, and manual releasing ,means are embodied in an operatorunit, designated 18 in its entirety. Such operator unit serves to swinga crank arm 19 which is pivotally connected at'its outer end with a'link21. It is the relative angular movement between this crank arm and linkwhich serves to swing the door between its open and closed positions;In'most installations, such as for operating a garage door and thelike,the

preferred practice is to mount the operator unit 18 directly on theswinging door and to connect the link 21 to the top frame of thedoorway, as by a pivot bracket 22 stationarily secured to said framemember, as illustrated in Figure 2..

However, the present mechanism has a wide variety of other uses, such asfor operatinggates, wall panels, concealed closures, etc.,and in some ofthese-installations it may be desirable to reverse the above relation bymounting the operator unit 18 on the frame of the closure opening or onsome other stationary part, and by connecting the link 21 with-theclosure or like moving element. Moreover, in Figures 1 and 2 themechanism is shown as operating a single door panel, but in manyinstallations the device will operate fold- :ing doors comprising two ormore panels hinged together with the folding panels running on trolleytracks. I have only shown the door at one side of the doorway but inmost installations a companion door will swing'from the other side ofthe doorway, having its own operator 18 'mounted' thereon and with thetwo electric motors connected for simultaneous operation; I

Such arrangement has not been illustrated because it is well known tothose skilled in the art.

Referring now to theconstruction of the operator unit 18, and withreference to Figures 3 and it will be seen that the different parts ofthis unit are assembled upon a base plate 25 which is rigidly secured tothe inner side of the door 14 adjacent to the upper edge thereof.Mounted on the lower portion of thisbase plate isthe elecftric motor26;Mounted on theupper portion of said base plate is the housing 27 whichincloses the reduction gearing and supports the rotating elements of theoperator unit. The armature shaft of the motor carries a pulley 28 whichin Figure 3.

transmits a drive through a belt 29 to a relatively large pulley wheel31 mounted on a horizontal shaft 32 extending into the housing 27. Thedrive through this belt 29 constitutes one speed reduction, and alsoaffords an overload slippage connection for preventing stalling of themotor or injury thereto for taking care of an abnormal condition. Thefeet or like supporting portions 33 of the motor 26 have verticallysliding support on slotted portions 34 of the base 25. Referring toFigure 5, the underside of the base is formed with a groove 35 thereinextending longitudinally below each slot 34. Disposed in said slot andgroove is a threaded bushing comprising a head 36 engaging in the grooveand a reduced shank portion 37 engaging in the slot. A cap screw 38extends through the foot 33 of the motor base and screws into the boreof the bushing 36 37.

The shank portion 37 of the bushing is slightly longer than the depth ofthe slot 34 so that when the cap screw 38 is drawn up tight the outerend of said shankportion engages the underside of the foot 33 andprevents the motor from being rigidly clamped to the'mounting base 25.The

slight play thus maintained between tie motor and the mounting'basepermits the motor to slide downwardly on the slotted guides 34 so asconstantly to maintain the driving belt 29 at the proper tension. If thebelt should stretch or become'worn the motor will still maintain aconstant tension thereon by settling downwardiy 'along its slottedguides, and when in such lowered position the torque pull on the belt issubstantially ineiiective for pulling the motorupwardly because of thetendency of the bushings 37 to bind in the slotted guides against any 36upward pull tending to twist the motor on the base plate.

The housing 27 is divided horizontally into upper and lower sections 27aand 27b respectively which sections are provided with marginal joiningflanges and secured together by bolts ttaching lugs or'flanges A2 and 43project from the rear side of each housing section. and

are suitably bolted to the base plate 25, as shown The shaft 32 onwhichthe large pulley wheel 31 is keyed, enters the side of the lowerhousing section 2719 and has a worm 45 thereon intermediate spacedbearings provided for said shaft within the housing.

This worm meshes with aworrn wheel 46 which is keyed to a verticalcountershaft Q7, The upper and lower ends of said countershaft engagerespectively in bearing bushings iii and 49 which seat in closed-endbosses 51 and 52 proiv from the upper and lower housing sectio s.

spur pinion 53 is keyed upon this oountershaft, above the worm wheel 46,and meshes with a large spur wheel 54; mounted upon the main operatingaxis of the device. Disposed on this axis are a shaft 55 and asurrounding sleeve 56, the

'large spur gear 54 being keyed to the sleeve 56.

Said sleeve is iournaled in bushed bearing bosses or hubs 57 and 58projecting vertically from the upper and lower housing sections; Securedby a, 1.

key 59 to the projecting upper end of the sleeve 56, above the upperboss 5'7, is the hub 6101 a driving clutch element 62, such clutchelement being in the form of an annular flange projecting radially fromthe. hub 61. the driving. element of a friction slippage clutch which isinterposed in the driving train between the motor 26 and the crank arm19 for the purpose of affording an overload relief connection so thatdamage to the operating parts or motor Such constitutes cannot occurifthe door should, become blocked or otherwise held against itspropermovement. interposed inthje line :of operating, parts-be,-

tween this friction slippage clutch and the crank arm 19 is an element63 which 'I have termed an actuator or rotary actuating device;.rotary'actuator is secured in definitely fixedor' timed relation tothecams which control the movement of the motor reversing switch, where 'bythe actuator operates said cams ingthe, pro er timed relation. 1

As above remarked, the friction slippage clutch is interposed in thedriving :train between the electric motor and the actuator 63. Beyondthis actuator, or between the same and the crankearm 19 in; the train ofparts, isthe manually, actuated releasing vmeans --whi ch permitsvindependent movement of the crank arm 19 when it is desired to operatethe door manually, as I shall-presently 1,20 describe.- Within the broadpurview-oi the inven- .tion the slippage clutch may be interposed at anydesired point in the dividing train between the motor and the actuator63, but inthe pre-- ferred construction shown the bottom surface 63' ofthe actuator constitutesone of the friction drivensurfacesadapted toengage with the driving element 62 tobe driven thereby. A cooperatinglower plate 64 has its uppersurfacefiel' engaging thelower side ofthezdriving plate62. The

j two plates 63 and 64 are drawn together to effect the desiredfrictional contact with the driving plate 62 through the instrumentalityof adjusting screws 65, Figure 7. The-peripheries of the two drivenplates 63 and 64 extend beycndtheperiphi ery of the driving plate 62,and the screws'65 pass down through holes in the extending portion ofthe upper plate and thread intobosses 66 (Fig- .ure 4) formed on theextending portion of the lower plate. By adjusting these screws any de-4 o sired tension can be given the slippage clutch.

' ,As shown in Figure i, a lug 68 extendsupwardly "from the lower plate.64 and engages in'a periph- ,:;eral. notch 69 in theupper plate 63 forcompelling concurrent driven rotation of the two plates.

' Both of these plates have bearingznountingon the upperand lowerextending. endsof the hub 61, the upper plate 63 having a hub portion 71extending up above the hub 61 and formed with an inwardly extendingflange or head '72. The central shaftj has a square or polygonal head'73 onits'upper; end which fits into a correspondingly gshape d socketinthe head portion 72. The lower *end of this shaft is connected with thecamswhich .control the motor reversing switch, and hence it 55 will beseen that the rotary actuator 63 is maintained in definitely timedrelation tothese cams. The manually actuated disconnecting means, whichis adapted to free the door for manual operation, may likewise beinterposed at any suit 1,60 able point in a line of operatingconnections between the actuator 63 and the crank arm 19,,but in thepreferred construction. ;this manual dis- ;connecting means is carriedby the actuator-63 and is adapted to engage the hub. portionof the 5crank arm directly. Such disconnecting'means comprises two springpressed plungers '75,;75',

which are slidably mounted inarcuate bosses '76,

;76 projecting upwardly from the actuator plate 63, as best shown inFigure =7; The operating :70. crank 19 has a hub portion comprisin adepend ing annular flange 7 whichis rotatably mounted over the annularflange or hub 7101 the actuator plate 63. .Aretaining disk 76 is seatedin a circular depression in the top of the crank hub,'bear- 1 F5 ing'against the shoulder formed at the bottom of shifting; collar 85 housingsection 27a.

--to saidhub'portion by a se'trscrew 98. leasing the two set ,screws94and 98 the two ries aprojecting pin this'depression, and being securedby screws 81 threading into the flange or head portion 72 of .theactuator plate 63;;

Thus the crank arm is held upon the upper end of the actuator element63but can be; rotated relatively thereto. Normally, such rotation isprevented oy the two plungers 75, being projected upwardly into sockets83 83 formed at opposite points in the hub of the crank arm. Saidplungers have reduced shank portions passing loosely through holes inthe bottom clutch plate 64 and having their lower ends riveted orotherwise ,rigidly secured in the plate portion84 of an annularlygrooved shifting collar 85. Compression springs 86 are confined on thereduced shank por tions of the plungers between the plate64 and the headportions of said piungers, these springs normally tending to project theplungers upwardly The groovedinto their respective sockets 83, 837.

'isslidably'mounted on the boss 5'? and cooperating with this collar'isa tripping yoke 88 which embraces the collar and has in wardly extendinpins 89 engaging in the grooved portion thereof. A bifurcated inner endof the yoke embraces the boss 51 and is pivotally supported on lugs 91projecting upwardly from the A chain 92 extends down from the other endor" said yoke and hasconnection with a pull ring 93, or ,any, othersuitable actuating connection whereby the yoke may be pulled downwardlyfor withdrawing the plunger pins "l5, F5 from the sockets 83, 83 when itis desired to operate the door manually.

The plunger 7 5 and its socket 83 are at a diiierent radiusirom theaxial centerof the assembly than are the plunger 75 and its socket 83,so that in reestablishing the operative connection between the. motordriven parts and the crank arm 19 the crank arm can only be locked tothe actuator 63 in one position, which places it in definitely timedrelation to the cams which control the motor reversing switch.

, Referring .now to said cams, it willbe seen from Figure 6 that theshaft 55 projects beyond the lower end of the sleeve 56 and has securedthereto by a set screw 94 the hub portion 95 of an'upper cam96'. Theupper face of this cam may be slightly counterbored for receiving thelowerend of the'journal' boss 58. A lower cam .97 isnon-rotatably'mountedson the hub portion 95 ofthe upper cam 96,beingadjustably secured By recams 96 and 97 can be angularlyadjusted'rela- -tively-to the shaft 55 and to each other.

As best shown in Figures, these two cams impart lateral swingingmovement to a switch actuating yoke 99 having an opening 101 whichembraces the'jcurnal boss 58. The pivot end or" said :yoke comprisesanapertured'portion 102 which is 'swiveled upon the bearing boss 52,being held size than the lower cam 97, the point or rise of said'uppercam not extendingbeyond the circular peripheral edge of the lower cam97. Project- .ingdown from one side of the yoke 99 is a lug 105, whichextends into the radius of action or" the upper-cam 96. This lug is-ofvcomparatively short which serves to throwof the switch operating lever.

length so that it does not extend down into the path of movement of thelower cam 97. Extending down from the opposite side of the yoke 99 isanother lug 106 which projectsinto the path of movement of the large cam97. Because the point of the upper or small cam does not extend beyondthe circular periphery of the large cam it cannot engage and actuatethis second lug 106.

In the operation of these cams, when the door reaches an almost closedposition the upper, small cam 96 engages its cooperating lug 105 andswings the yoke 99 in one direction for actuating the motor reversingswitch. Conversely, when the door is swung in the other direction andreaches an almost open position the lower large cam 97 engages itscooperating lug 106 and swings the yoke 99 in the opposite direction forthrowing the reversing switch to its opposite position.

- The coastingof the electric motor insures completed movement of thedoorto either of its extreme positions after the switch has been thrown.The swinging end of the yoke 99 may be supported for its sidewisemovement in a bracket strap 107 secured to the underside of the gearhousing and forming a guide surface for the yoke.

The switch parts are enclosed within a housing 108 formed at one side orend of the lower gear housing portion 27b. Projecting downwardly throughan opening in this switch housing 108 (Figure is a switch operating armor lever 109 having an inverted V-shaped opening 111 therein. The pin104 projecting from the yoke 99 operates in this opening 111 in throwingthe arm 109. As illustrated by the full and dotted line positions inFigure 10, when the pin 1G4 swings in either direction it carries thearm 109 with it up to the point at which the switch is thrown, andthereupon the arm can stop while the pin continues its movement in thatsame direction. This is provided for by the sloping ends of the V-shapedopening 111, which allows the pin 10 1 to pass out of the opening 111and continue in its movement past the adjacent side wing When the pin104 starts back in its reverse movement it moves into the opening 111and engages the low arm or wing of the lever, thereby carrying the leverwith it until the switch has been thrown to its opposite position,whereupon the pin 104 can continue its movement out of the opening 111and beyond the opposite side arm or wing in the same manner as describedof the preceding direction of movement. By this arrangement, the pin 104can be given excess movement in order to insure complete actuation ofthe switch, and still avoid the possibility of said excess movementdamaging the switch.

' The lever 109, in addition to actuating the motor reversing switchpreviously mentioned, also actuates a circuit disconnecting switch whichis sired operation of the motor in either direction with an automaticstopping of the motor at the end of each movement of the door. This orother like circuits may be employed.

opposite direction. Such reversed actuation-or the manually operatedswitch at this instant may result in the alternating current motor continuing to operate in the same direction after the limit of movement ofthe door has been reached, with the result that the continued rotationof the motor may possibly result'in in jury to the doors or frameconstruction.

To prevent this, I have provided a novel arrangement of stops whichstall or retard the alternating current motor in the event of saidabnormal operation of the manually actuated switch, and give onerepulsion field an opportunity to die down, thus preventing theinduction action of the motor from keeping the armature rotating.Referring to Figure 7, it will be seen that there are two of these stoplugs or shoulders 115 and 116 projecting from the periphery. of thebottom clutch plate 64, whereby these lugs or shoulders revolve with thecrank arm 19 when said crank arm is coupled to the motor drive throughthe manually releasable plunger pins '75, '75. These shoulders are sodisposed angularly relatively to theclutch plate 6 1 and crank arm 19that when the door has been moved to the closed position, illustrated infull lines in Figure 2, any tendency of the motor to keep on revolvingthrough an appreciable interval will bring the stop shoulder 115 upagainst the adjacent edge of the flange 42"which secures the gearhousing to the base plate. Conversely,

position, substantially as illustrated in dotted lines'in Figure 2, anytendency'of the motor to keep on revolving through an appreciableinterval will bring the other stop shoulder 116 up against the otheredge 116 ofthe 'mounting flange 42. of the door the motor should tend tokeepon revolving in the same direction, one or the other of these stopshoulders interrupt further movement of the crank arm 19 and clutchplate 64 with the result that the motor will be stalled and onerepulsion field thereof given an opportunity to die down so thatthemotor will stop and reverse. 7 v e In said positive stopping of thecrank arm 19 and clutch plate 64 the slippage clutch 62, 64 will yieldand prevent shock being transmitted to the parts. Obviously any otherstationary stop projection may be arranged in lieu of the flange 42.

In order to accommodate different degrees of door-opening movement anddiiierent locations of the pivot bracket 22, the pivot 20 connecting thecrank arm l9 with the link 21 is made ad- ,justable to increase ordecrease the effective length of the crank arm. As shown in Figure 11,this pivot 20 is in the form of a stud which screws into any one of aplurality of threaded holes 121 tapped at difierent points along theouter end of the crank arm 19. Intersecting each Thus, if a either limitof movement- 115 when the door has been swung to its fully open ofthesethreaded holes 121 is a tapped hole 122 for receiving a set screw123 by which the'pivot stud 20 is locked in its selected hole. The endof the link 21 has any suitable sleeve mounting mini ' From thepreceding description, it will be evi dent that for opening the doortheswitch 123 is actuated whereupon the door swingsto its open positionand near the completion of. suchmoyement automatically throws the switcharm 109 to disconnect the m'otoran'd reverse its windings. Thereupon, toclose thedoor theswitch 123 is again actuated, which closes the circuitfor the motor, causing it to operate in the reverse direction and swingthe door to closed position, at the completion of which movement theswitch arm 109 is again thrown toits opposite position for disconnectingthe motor and reversing its windings.

The throw of the switch arm 109 occurs just prior to the completion ofthedoorclosing movement so that the coast of'the motor carries the doorup against the frame stops. The overload relief connections aiforde'dthrough the slippage clutch 6264 and through the belt-d rive 29 absorbany I remaining momentum of. the motor when the door is positivelystopped. Thethrowing of the switch mechanismcan be made to occur, at anygiven point in the movement of the door by appropriately adjusting oneor both earns 96, 97.

If the normal movement of the, door should be blocked or resisted theoverload I, relief, clutch 62 64 will yield and prevent injury to themec h anism.- I

The belt drive 29 will alsoassist in this regard. As previously pointedout, however, such slippage of the clutch or of the belt drive will notdisturb the normal timed relation of the cams 96,197 to the position ofthe door, these cams remaining positively connected torthe rotaryactuating ele-v ment 63. Moreover, after the functioning of the slippageclutch it is not necessary to, manually reset any part ofthe mechanismin order that the movement of the doormay be continued. 1 By adjustingthe screws 65, the relief clutch may be made to yield at anypredetermined overload torque. r I

For manually operating'the door independently I of the energization ofthe electric motor, it isonly necessary to pull-the trippingjchain 92,which withdraws the plungers '75, '75 from the sockets 83, 83' and freesthe crank arm 19 from the actuating element 63. After-the completionofsuch manual movement, the crank arm 19 can only be restored to operativeconnection with theactuating element 63 in one angular positionibecauseof the different spacing of the sockets 83, 83 which insures that thecrank. armwill be restored to proper timed relation to the cams 96, 97.

As previously described, if because of improper actuation of themanually operated switch 128 the motor should tend to continueto revolvein the same direction at the-[completion of one door,

movement one orthe other of the stops-115,, 116

will positivelyinterrupt further movement of the crank arm in thedirection and stall or retard the motor for discontinuing its:continuedi.rota--:

' v a said lattermeans comprising an annular-driving tion inthat-direction. 1

. It will be noted that such f ctioning of the stops 115,116 does notdisturb the timed relation of the cams 96, 97. b When the door is inclosed position it is effectively locked against unauthorized openingfrom the outside. The manually operated releasing means is only operablefrom the inside. Also, as shown in Figure 1, the crank arm 19 and'link21 are at this time in approximately dead center relation-so thatpressure exerted against the outer side of the door does not operatewith sufficient mechanical advantage to causeslippage of the frictionclutch 62 -64.

While the particular construction which I. have shown and'describedconstitutes what I regard to be the preferred embodiment of myinvention, nevertheless it will be understood that such-"is merelyexemplary and that numerous modifications and rearrangements of partsmaybe made i lml d p r n f om the essence of the invene tion.

I claim:

7 1. Thecombination with a closure member and a fixed support relativelyto which said closure member has movement, of mechanism for operatingsaid closure member and adapted to be 1 mounted thereon,- said mechanismcomprising a crank arm arranged to have operative connection with saidfixed support, an electric motor mounted for vertical movement relativeto said f mechanism, and driving means connecting said 1 electric motorwith said-crank arm including a flexible overload slippage connection,said motor being movable vertically to'automatically main tainsaid-flexible connection under normal driving tension. r 1 1 2.- Thecombinationwith a closure member. and aqfixedsupport relatively to whichsaid closure member hasmovement, of mechanism for operatingsaid closuremember and adapted .to be mounted thereon, said mechanism comprisinga 1crank arm arranged to haveoperative connection with said fixed, support,an electric motor, driving means connecting said electric motor withsaid crank arm, and manually operable releasing :1

means for ,disconnectingthe closure member from 1 said, electric motor,said releasing meahsconiprising parts disposed at different radii fromthe axial center of: said releasing means and only reconnectable whensaid closure memberzis in predetermined timed relation to said operatingmechanism. 7 p 3. The combination with a closure member and asfixedsupport :relatively to which said closure 7 member has movement, ofmechanism for operating said closure member and adapted to be 3 mountedthereon, said mechanism comprising a crank arm arranged to havelinkconnection with said fixed support, an actuating element for swingingsaid crank arm, an electric motor for driv-f ing said actuatingelement,and readily operable 1 manual releasing mechanism between saidcrank.arm'andqsaid-actuating element and comprising means disposedat diiferentradii from the axial center of said releasing means for compelling the 1member and an annular-driven member effective 1 25 I way, of mechanismfor operating said door, and

adapted to be mounted thereon, said mechanism 7 to transmit operatingtorque to said crank arm with said members in any relative angularposition, and manually operable means carried by one ofsaid annularmembers and comprising a plurality of plungers for releasably engagingwithin sockets formed in said crank arm for normally operating saiddoor.

5. The combination with a door and a door-way, of mechanism foroperating said door, and adapted to be mounted thereon, said mechanismcomprising a reversely swinging crank arm adapted to have operativeconnection with said doorway, a reversible electric motor, driving meansfor connecting said electric motor with said crank arm comprising anactuating element, an overload relief slippage clutch capable ofyielding in either direction of rotation interposed in said drivingmeans between said electric motor and said actuating element, andmanually operable releasing meansinterposed in said driving meansbetween said actuating element and said crank arm and comprising ashiftable collar and means carried by said collar'for directly engagingsaid crank arm.

6. The combination with a door and a doorcomprising a reversely swingingcrank arm adapted to have operative connection with said doorway, areversible electric motor, driving means for connecting said electricmotor with said crank arm comprising an actuating element, an overloadrelief slippage clutch capable of yielding in either direction ofrotation interposed in said driving means between said electric motorand said actuating element, manually operable releasing means interposedin said driving means besaid actuating element, and reversing switchmeans responsive to' said cam means for controlling said electric motor.

7. The combination with a door and a doorway, of a door-operating unitmounted on said I door and comprising a reversely swinging crank arm, alink pivotally connected between said crank arm and the door-way, areversible electric motor mounted on the door, mechanism connecting'saidelectric motor with said crank arm comprising a shaft, an actuatingelement secured to said shaft and oscillating the latter, a frictionslippage clutch capable of yielding in either direction of rotationmounted concentrically of said shaft and operatively connected betweensaid electric motor 'and said actuating element, manually released'centricallyof said shaft and normally establishing a positive drivingrelation between said actuating element and said crank arm, cam meansresponsive to said shaft and motor reversing switch means responsive tosaid cam means.

' 8. A door operator of the class described for mounting on the door,comprising a crank arm adapted to have link connection with a stationarysupport, an electric motor, a concentricshaft and sleeve, capable ofrelative rotation reduction gearing operatively connected to drive saidsleeve from said motor, a friction slippage driving clutch elementsecured to said sleeve, a cooperating'friction slippage driven clutchelement connected with said crank'arm, said crank arm seating di rectlyupon said driven clutch element and said driven clutch element and saidshaft moving to gether, and motor reversing switch 'meansr'esponsive tothe movement of said shaft, to control saiddoor. .l V

9. A door operator of the class described for mounting on the door,comprising a crank arm member adapted to have link connection with astationary support, an electric motor, a concentrio shaft and'sleeve;capable of relative rotation reduction gearing operatively connected .todrive said sleeve from said motor,';a'fric tion slippage driving clutchelement secured to saidsleeva'a cooperating friction slippage drivenclutch element connected with said orank'arm, said crank arm seatingdirectly upon said driven clutch ele ment and said driven clutch elementand said shaft moving together, motor reversing switch means responsiveto the movement of said shaft, and manually operable means forinterrupting the transmission of motion from said driven clutch elementto said crank arm. 10. A door operator of the class described adaptedfor mounting on the door, comprising a crank member adapted to havepivoted link connection with a stationary supportgan electric motor, arotating member driven bysaid electric motor and mounted concentricallyof said crank member, and manually actuated releasing means foroperatively connecting said crank member with said rotary member andcomprising pin means carried by said rotary member adapted to engage insocket means formed in said crank member, said pin and socket meansbeing arranged whereby the driving relation between said rotating"member and'said crank member can only be reestablished with saidmembers in predetermined angular relation to each other.

11. A door'operator of the class described adapted for mounting onthe'door, comprising a substantially vertical rotatable member, anelectric motor, a worm driven by said electric motor, a worm wheeldriven by said worm, acountershaft on which said worm, wheel is mounted,spur gears mounted on said rotatable member and on said countershaft fortransmitting rotation from said worm Wheel to said rotatable member, acrank arm mounted at the upper end of said rotatable member and adaptedto have pivotal link connection with a stationary support for operatingthe door, and reversing switch 4 means responsive to the movement ofsaidcrank loosely embracing said verticalrotatable mem-.

her for lateral swinging movement.

12. In a door operator adapted for mounting on the door, the combinationof a crank arm adapted to have pivotal link connection witha stationarysupport, an electric motor, driving means operatively connecting saidelectric motor with said crank arm, cam means arranged to be moved bysaid crank arm, automatic switch means controlling said electric motor,and a ply-- otally swinging yoke member embracing said cam means andpositively oscillated in'opposite directions by said cam means foreffecting movement of said switch means.

13. A door operator of the class described adapted for mounting on thedoor, comprising a crank arm adapted to have pivoted link connectionwith a fixed support, a rotatable member on which said crank armismounted, an electric mo tor, a shaft above said motor, operatingccnnec-' tions between said shaft and said rotatable memsaid shaftandmounting means for said motor on wh ch s d mo o can move dew wa dly heby the we ht o the motor is ffe tiveto hold a b t at h p o-per dri i gtensi n.-

li- .A do opera or of he cla s de cribed adaptedv r m unt n n the d or,omprising-a crank'a m a a te to have p vota ink o nec ion with a f xeupport, an e ectr c mo or, n i "means n ratively conn ting said elect icmo wit said c nk a a rotatable member, movin with aid crank a pair ocams on sa d rotatable mem er a pi otally w ng ng y k coopera nawit sa dcams, one of aid cams having a cam ris of comparativ l sm ll adius, ashoulder n s id yo e a tedt be enga ed by sa am is the oth of sa d camshaving a cam eo re ati ely la e. ra a se ond shoulder o sa d yoke cleain sai first and ex nding the p th o the oamrise of said atter cam, a dswitch means esponsive to the movement of sa d-yok for ontrolling e ec=tr mov door ope ator. adapted. or moun n on the doo com ri a crank adatedto a e pivo ed link connectio with th 'docnway, an electr motor dr ig m ans perativel-y c nn ct ne sai m to with'sa c a a m, means m ved ysa d crank arm, a pivota ly swi ing memb r actua ed by sa d m mea s, sitch me ns r ontro in said motor c mer in a sw tc d-dati a p vot d foswing n movemen al la u s ant lly at righ an glee to t mo em nt of saidpivota ly w nging memb r, a switch actuatin a m h vin a Y shaped openingtherein, and a pin on'sa'id pivot l wingin m mber d pted to ngage in sad o enin for impartins mov ment to said switch ctua ing a d pin bein cpa le of contin= l ed mo ment out of s id. opening and beyond aid a m aer t e sw t h has b en thrown- 6- Th c mbinat on wi a sw g g d or anda'doorway of a d or op rating unit mounted n said door, and comprising ah using a v rtically extending sleeve journalled in said housing andhaving its upper end projecting therefrom, a

a shaft extending through said sleeve with the opposite ends extendingtherefrom and its lower end projecting below said housing, .acountershaft journalled in said housing, a worm wheel mounted on saidcountershaft, a worm meshing therewith, an electric motor connected todrive said worm, a spur gear mounted on said countershaft, a spur gearkeyed to said sleeve and meshing with said latter spur gear, both ofsaid spur gears being enclosed within said housing, a drivingfrictionclutch disk secured to the projecting upper end of said sleeve abovesaid housing, upper'and lower driven friction clutch disk engaging withthe upper and lower sides of said driving disk, adjustable means forestablishing frictional pressure between said disks, said upperfrictional disk being secured to the projecting upper end of said shaft,a crank armhaving its hub rotatably mounted above said upper'frictiondisk, a

pair of spring pressed plungers carried by said two driven disks andnormally urgedupwardly into sockets in said crank arm, a shifting collarto which said plungers are connected, a tripping member connected withsaid collar and adapted to be manually actuated for withdrawing I saidplungers from said sockets, a pair of cams secured to the projectinglower end of said shaft, a pivotally swinging yoke comprising portionsengaged by said cams for oscillating said yoke in opposite directions,switch means responsive to the movement of said yoke for controllingsaidelectric motor, and a link povotally cted b tween theswinging' end ofsaid crankarmand a fixed point of pivotal-attachment" on said doorway.

adapted for mounting on the door, the combines tion of an l ctric motor,a driving frictional clutch element, m ans f r t ansmitting power fromsa mo o to said clutch element for rototing the latter,adriven'frictional lutch-ol 13. The combination with a closure memberand a tationary m mber relatively t which said losu eme ber hasmov m nt,f me hanism for opera ing aid clo re memb r c mp ising a swinging crankh vi g link connection t one of sa d mb rs nd actuated by, a rotatingdriven 17. In a door operator of the class described.

disk, a rotatable shaft to which said driven disk 1 in said crank f rnormally locking said c ank for rotative movement with said drivenclutch' plates and shiftable collar.

19. The combination with a closure member and a stationary memberrelatively to which said closure. member h smovement, of m ch n sm foropera ing sa d clos re member comprising a swinging crank having linkconnection to one of said members and'actuated by a rotating disk, a

rotatable shaft on which said disk is non-rotatably' mounted, a sleevemounted for relative rotation on said shaft, a driving clutch disknon-rotatably mounted on said-sleeve and frictionally contacting onesurface of said driven disk, a second driven clutch disk frictionallycontacting another surface of said'driving clutchv disk, a shiftablecollar mounted concentrically of said sleeve and adapted tomovelongitudinally of the axis of c said shaft and sleeve, a springpressed plunger connected to said shiftable' collar and passing throughsaid friction disks, said plunger adapted to register with socket meansin said crank for releasibly locking the latter for concentric movementwith said friction clutch plates and said 'shiftable collar, andmanually operative means i for moving said collar away from said clutchperiphery of said disk, a shiftable collar mounted concentrically ofsaid friction clutch plates, said collar "adapted to move longitu i-ally of said sleeve, a plunger actuated by said collar, said plungerextendingthrough the outer peripheries of said clutch plates andreleasably engageable in socket means in said crank to lock the latterin operative relationship with said driven clutch plates, and a manuallyoperative lever adapted to actuate said collar whereby said closuremember may be actuated independently of said mechanism. r

21. The combination with a closure member and a stationary memberrelatively to which said closure member has movement, of mechanism foroperating said closure member comprising a swinging crank having linkconnection to one of said members, a vertically extending rotatablemember, a driving clutch disk having a hub portion keyed to said member,driven clutch plates mounted on opposite sides of and frictionallycontacting said driving disk for rotating said plates, one or" saiddriven plates having a hub portion mounted on the hub of said drivingdisk, a sleeve formed on one end of said crank and rotatably mounted onthe hub of said d ven clutch plate for actuating said crank, a'shiitablecollar mounted concentrically with said plates and adapted for movementlongitudinally of said vertically extending member, a plunger associatedwith with said collar and releasably looking said crank relatively tosaid driven clutch plates and a manually operative lever for actuat ingsaid collar to retract said plunger whereby said crank will rotaterelative to said driven clutchindeswitch.

'drivenclutch plates extending beyond the outer mounted on oppositesides of and frictionally contacting'with said driving disk for rotatingsaid plates, the outer peripheries of said plates? extending beyond theouter margin of said driving clutch disk, one of said driven plateshaving a hub portion mounted on the hub of said driving disk, a sleeveformed on one end of said crank and rotatably mounted on the hub of saiddriven clutch plate for actuating said crank, a shiftable collar mountedconcentrically with said plates and adapted for movement longitudinallyof said vertically extending member, a plunger associated with saidcollar and passing through the outer peripheries of said driven clutchplates,

said plunger adapted to releasably engage said I crank relatively tosaid clutch plates, and a manually operative lever for actuating saidcollar to disengage said plunger from said crank whereby the sleeve ofsaid crank will rotate relative to said driven clutch plate in actuatingsaid closure member independently of said mechanism.

23. The combination with a closure member and a stationary memberrelatively to which said closure member has'movement, of mechanism foroperating said'closure member comprising a reversi le electric motor, acrank having link connection to one or" said first named members, avertically extending shaft on which said crank is mounted, a verticallyextending countershaft spaced laterally from said other shaft, a housingin which said shafts are journaled, a train of gears for driving saidshaft and countershaft, one gears being a worm gear, a horizontal shaftdriven by said electric motor, a worm on said latter shaft meshing withsaid worm gear, a slip clutch disposed between said electricmotor andsaid crank for disengaging said motor, an actuating switch for producingreverse rotation of said'motor to alternatively open 'andclose saidclosure member, and means includinga lat-' erally swinging yoke memberpivoted to the journal of said countershaft, and'loosely embracing saidverticaliy extending shaft for actuating said

